Just like any other record keeping, moving patients' records from
paper and physical filing systems to computers and their super storage
capabilities creates great efficiencies for patients and their
providers, as well as health payment systems.
But efficiency isn't the only benefit. For individual patients,
access to good care becomes easier and safer when records can easily be
shared. Important information -- such as blood type, prescribed drugs,
medical conditions and other aspects of our medical history -- can be
accounted for much more quickly. At the very least, an existing electronic medical record (EMR)
can save time at the doctor's office. At most, quick access to our
records can be lifesaving if an emergency occurs and answers to those
questions are needed during the emergency decision-making process.
Even the federal government thinks electronic record keeping is
important, and it has put its money and efforts where its
recommendations are. Veterans' hospitals across the country share an
electronic system, called VistA,
which allows for sharing of records for veterans in its health system.
Should a patient find himself in a VA hospital, even while away from
home, the hospital will have the same access to his or her records that
the hometown hospital does.
Further, the government set up an incentive system to encourage
providers to implement electronic health records and adhere to a list of
criteria to improve care and patient access. Those criteria are called Meaningful Use.
Tragic events like 9/11, Hurricane Katrina, and the California
fires have showcased the benefits of electronic record keeping. Those
injured or made sick by any of those events were more easily treated and
may have found better outcomes than those for whom no medical records
were available. Large scale EMR systems replicate their stored records
in several places across the country so that one tragic event won't
destroy them.
Another benefit is safety. In the past, the way a doctor obtained
your health history was by asking you. Each time you visited a new
doctor's office, you filled out forms about your history, including
previous surgeries, or the drugs you take on a regular basis. If you
forgot a piece of information, or if you didn't write it down because it
seemed unimportant to you, then your doctor didn't have that piece of
your medical puzzle to work with.
However, when doctors share records electronically, your new
doctor only needs to ask your name, birthdate, and possibly another
piece of identifying information. She can then pull up your records
from their electronic storage space. All of the information he needs to
see will be there in full. When it comes time to diagnose you, it
might be important to him to learn that you are taking a certain kind of
medication, or even an herbal supplement -- any information shared with
a previous doctor. Diagnosis and treatment decisions might be altered
based on that information, which is far more complete than what you
might have written down on paper.
In the past, when a doctor closed his practice, retired, moved,
or even died, patient records could easily get lost or relocated, making
it impossible for patients to get the records they needed to take to a
new doctor. Keeping these records electronically, especially in the
cases where patients can also gain access to them, means the patient won't be left without the records she may need.
Money is saved by using electronic medical records; not just the
cost of paper and file folders, but the cost of labor and space, too.
In any business, time equals money. The efficiencies created by simply
typing a few identifying keystrokes to retrieve a patient's record -- as
opposed to staring at thousands of file folders, filing and refiling
them -- saves a doctor's practice or a hospital many thousands of
dollars. That's even taking the cost of the electronic system into
account.
Efficiencies put into play by doctors and insurance companies to save money eventually lead to patients saving money, too.
An empowered patient knows to weigh these benefits against the
limitations of electronic medical records and personal health records
which include the numbers of mistakes that may be made, the lack of standards, and the issues of privacy and security.